Check the power, port and cable connections
Make sure the USB device is turned on and its cables are properly connected. If your computer has more than one USB port 
, switch the device’s cable to another port.
If you have many devices connected to your Mac
Disconnect all USB devices except the device you’re testing, an Apple keyboard and an Apple mouse. Make sure that the device is connected directly to the computer, and that any hubs or extension cables are disconnected
If you can use the device now, the problem may be with one of the other USB devices or hubs you had connected to your computer. Try reconnecting them, one by one, to your computer.
Restart your Mac
Choose Apple menu > Restart.
Use Another Computer
Is there another Mac computer available to you? If yes, try to connect the USB drive to this computer
Update Your macOS and Firmware
From the Apple menu in the corner of your screen, choose System Settings. Click General in the sidebar, then click Software Update on the right
Or in earlier versions of macOS, choose Apple menu > System Preferences, then click Software Update.
keep your software and firmware up to date will likely solve the Mac not recognizing USB device problem and make the USB drive appear normal again
Reset PRAM and SMC
If you’re using a Mac that isn’t using Apple Silicon (basically any Mac older than the M1 model), you can reset the PRAM and SMC controllers to troubleshoot your USB connection.
PRAM stores information about your Mac’s settings, which can affect the behavior of its mechanical components – like USB ports.
The SMC, on the other hand, also manages hardware functions as well as power management. It’s possible that your Mac isn’t providing the USB with enough power to work as intended.
Info: PRAM is no longer used in M1 Macs and newer while SMC functions have been installed in the Apple Silicon processor for new Macs.
To reset your Mac’s PRAM:
1. Turn off your Mac.
2. Boot your Mac and immediately press and hold the following keys: Command + Option + P + R.
3. Release the keys when your Mac shuts off and reboots again.
To reset your Mac’s SMC:
1. Turn off your Mac.
2. Press and the following keys: Power Button + Shift + Control + Option.
3. Release the keys and boot your Mac.
💡Tip: If you’re using a Mac with no built-in battery, you can easily reset its SMC by turning off and unplugging your Mac for 15-30 seconds before booting it again.
Verify that the device appears in System Information
On your Mac, press and hold the Option key, then choose Apple menu > System Information.
Animated presentation: 🔗
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Partially quoted at the following link
https://support.apple.com/en-sg/guide/mac-help/mchlp1641/mac
https://www.macgasm.net/news/usb-not-showing-up-on-mac/